Newspaper Historical Context

Licensing Act of 1662	This act was set up to preventing the frequent abuses in printing seditious treasonable and unlicensed books and pamphlets and for the regulation of the Printing Press.
Tax on newspaper’s 1711	The first bill in parliament advocating a tax on newspapers was proposed in 1711. This was introduced due to the increasing popularity and influence of newspapers, which were causing problems.
The Observer	A British newspaper published on Sundays. It is in the same place on the political spectrum as The Guardian; which is its parent company.
Reduction of the stamp tax in 1836	It was first imposed in 1912 and gradually increased until 1836 when the tax was reduced.
‘Golden Age’ of newspaper publication	The first national halfpenny paper was the Daily Mail, which became the first weekday paper to sell one million copies around 1911. Circulation continued to increase, reaching a peak in the mid-1950s; sales of the News of the World reached a peak of more than eight million in 1950.
Profits from advertising	Salespeople will solicit local businesses and sell them blocks in the newspaper to advertise their product.  A business may choose from several sizes and prices, according to how much space they will use.  It is very expensive, but seems to be beneficial for the business.  The newspaper must cover the cost of the salesperson and set up of the ad.
The Press Council	The Press Council was a British voluntary press organisation that was founded under threat of statutory regulation as the General Council in 1953, with a non-binding regulatory framework.
The Independent	It is a British online newspaper established in 1989. It was originally a morning newspaper, but stopped publishing in March 2016.
Phone Hacking Scandal	The Leveson Enquiry 2011 were when allegations on phone hacking were carried out. It was a code of conduct and tighter controls had to be imposed-even though nothing really happened except the new IPSO instead of the PCC.
Decline in Newspaper circulation	Television arrival in the 1950s began the decline in newspaper circulation. Although the big outbreak of the internet in the 1990s increased the range of media choices, further taking over newspapers dominance.

Summary of IPSO

The Independent Press Standards Organisation was established on Monday 8 September 2014 following the windup of the Press Complaints Commission, which had been the main industry regulator of the press in the United Kingdom since 1990.